List of Leaders and Nations

Updated for patch: 1.2

As of the time of writing (14th of November 2024) there are 43 leaders in the game and 40 nations. Nations are de-emphasised because the leader themselves provide all the bonuses. Even between 2 leaders of the same nation they do not share any common traits.

Tip: Use Ctrl+F to quickly find the leader or nation you're looking for.
You can also enter a (partial) leader name in the search bar above such as "osh"
and it should take you directly to Osh-Tisch on this page from anywhere on the wiki.

Traits are categorized by color:

• Red = Military
• Yellow = Commerce
• Green = Government
• Pink = Religion
• Purple = Culture
• Blue = Science
• Orange = Industry

See List of Leader Traits for a list of leader traits and how they have opposites.

List of Leaders

Leaders in the base game
Harun al-Rashid Abbasid Caliphate	Unique Ability: House of Wisdom	Academies provide +2 Research per turn. Research Agreements provide +10% research.
	Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement Traditional  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Culture Improvements in your Capital. Charitable  +2% Paragon Spawn chance for each City you control. -10 Prosperity in your Capital.
Eva Perón Argentina	Unique Ability: Share my Glory	Your Palace provides +25 City Prosperity and +25 City Health . Your Monument provides +25 City Prosperity and +25 City Happiness . +20% Build Production towards Amphitheaters, Theaters, and Opera Houses that all provide +15 City Happiness .
	Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Stately  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Government Improvements built in them. Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Sennacherib Assyrian Empire	Unique Ability: Wolf on the Fold	+33% Force Siege Damage. +25% Craft Production at Workshops. +25 City Security in your capital.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Unyielding  Forces inflict 5 War Weariness when defeating an enemy Force. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Rash  -2 Turn duration of Golden Ages. +4 Production during Golden Ages. Productive  +50% Build Production during Golden Ages.
Howard Florey Australia	Unique Ability: Medical Genius	Universities and Fusion Research Centers provide +2 Research per turn. +25% Craft Production towards crafting Bandages, Soap, and Antibiotics. +5, +10, and +15 City Health from consuming Bandages, Soap, and Antibiotics respectively.
	Collaborative  +2 Production in your capital for each active Alliance. Stately  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Government Improvements built in them. Innovative  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Science Improvements in your Capital. Sage  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Science Improvements built in them. Pacifist  -10 Relationships with other Nations for 10 turns after declaring a war. +25 Reationships with other Nations while not at war.
Itzcoatl Aztec Empire	Unique Ability: Flower Wars	+20 Growth in all Cities for 10 turns after engaging in combat (this effect does not stack.) +5 Prestige after defeating an enemy Force during a Skirmish War +100% Force Heal Rate.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Perfectionist  +200% Craft Production to Industry Improvements during Golden Ages. Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Leopold I Belgium	Unique Ability: Nestor of Europe	+10 Established Relationship with other nations. +20 additional Established Relationship with other nations if you have fewer cities than them. +100% Harvest Production at Farms harvesting Cocoa. Breweries and Distilleries provide +10 City Prosperity .
	Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Adventurous  +1 Force Speed while not at War. Efficient  Improvements gain +1 Production for each Idustry Improvements in their region Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement
Irene Sarantapechaina Byzantine Empire	Unique Ability: Iconophile	Altars, Monasteries, and Shrines provide +20 City Security and +4 Wealth per turn. +100% effectiveness of Oracles and Missionaries.
	Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Patient  +30% Force Strength when War Weariness is over 50. Unyielding  Forces inflict 5 War Weariness when defeating an enemy Force. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
John A. Macdonald Canada	Unique Ability: Boreal Forest	+50% Harvest Production at Hunting Camps -100% Maintenance Cost for Hunting Camps +3 Housing in all cities.
	Adventurous  +1 Force Speed while not at War. Woodsman  +50% Harvest Production at Logging Camps and their upgrades. Pacifist  -10 Relationships with other Nations for 10 turns after declaring a war. +25 Reationships with other Nations while not at war.
Wilma Mankiller Cherokee	Unique Ability: The Word for Water	+150 Build Production towards Water Wells and Water Treatment Plants. Water Wells and Water Treatment Plants provide +20 City Health . +25% Craft Production towards crafting Feasts.
	Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Sage  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Science Improvements built in them. Traditional  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Culture Improvements in your Capital. Charitable  +2% Paragon Spawn chance for each City you control. -10 Prosperity in your Capital.
Confucius China	Unique Ability: Five Constant Virtues	Farms and their upgrades provide an additional +1 Food per turn. +5 to all QoL stats in each city for each unique type of Government Improvements built within it.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Sage  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Science Improvements built in them. Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Wu Zetian China	Unique Ability: Imperial Examinations	Libraries, Schools, and their upgrades provide +15 City Prosperity . +10% Paragon spawn chance.
	Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Cunning  +10% Paragon Spawn chance for each turn a Force is in combat. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type Unyielding  Forces inflict 5 War Weariness when defeating an enemy Force. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement
Osh-Tisch Crow Nation	Unique Ability: Badé Warrior	+1 Force Speed and +1 Sight for Settlers, Mounted Scouts, Harquebusiers, and Dragoons. +33% Craft Production at Artisan Studios, Weavers, and their upgrades.
	Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Efficient  Improvements gain +1 Production for each Idustry Improvements in their region Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement Traditional  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Culture Improvements in your Capital.
Nefertiti Egypt	Unique Ability: Rays of the Aten	Farms and their upgrades provide an additional +5 City Prosperity per turn if placed in regions adjacent to a river. -25% Research cost of Religion technologies. +2 Established Relationship with other Nations per Culture improvement
	Agrarian  +50% Harvest Production at Farms and their upgrades Lavish  +3 Merchants. +2 Established Relationships with other Nations for each city you control. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Elizabeth I England	Unique Ability: Gloriana	+1 Force Speed and +1 Sight for Sea Forces. +25% Force Strength for Sea Forces. Longbowmen and Line Infantry cannot be countered.
	Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Stately  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Government Improvements built in them. Mercantile  +1 Merchants for each city you control. +2 Trade Production for each Commerce Improvements. Seafaring  +20 Prestige after a sea Force defeats an enemy Force.
Haile Selassie Ethiopia	Unique Ability: Lion of Judah	+5% Force Strength for each Alliance you're in. +25% Religion spread strength in your capital. +300% Harvest Production towards harvesting Coffee.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Sage  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Science Improvements built in them. Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Jeanne d’Arc France	Unique Ability: Maid of Orléans	+25% Force Strength in cities where your Religion is dominant. +1 Force Speed within your territory. Your forces reduce your War Weariness by 5 when they defeat an enemy force.
	Impulsive  -10 Happiness in all cities for 10 turns after declaring a War. +20 Prestige for each turn a Force is in combat for 10 turns after declaring a War. Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Tamar the Great Georgia	Unique Ability: Whom the Sun Serves	+25% Build Production towards Military, Religion, and Commerce Improvements. +15 City Prosperity and +10 City Security in all cities during Golden Ages.
	Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Sage  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Science Improvements built in them. Creative  Imrpovements gain +5 Production during Golden Ages
Otto von Bismarck Germany	Unique Ability: Blood and Iron	+10% Craft Production at Forges, Factories, Vehicle Factories, and their upgrades. +25% Force Strength for 10 turns after declaring war.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages Practical  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Military Improvements in your Capital.
Yaa Asantewaa Ghana	Unique Ability: Golden Protector	Stone Pits and their upgrades provide +1 Wealth per turn. +15% Force Strength within your territory.
	Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Agrarian  +50% Harvest Production at Farms and their upgrades Traditional  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Culture Improvements in your Capital.
Alexander the Great Greece	Unique Ability: Hammer and Anvil	Pikemen and Lancers cannot be countered. Forces receive +5 bonus EXP each turn they are engaged in combat and when they defeat and enemy force. While technically a DLC this leader is free for all owners of the base game.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Adventurous  +1 Force Speed while not at War. Resolute  Cities gain +10% Religion Spread for each Force stationed in them.
Sappho Greece	Unique Ability: Tenth Muse	Amphitheaters and Theaters provide +15 City Happiness and have +100 Masterpiece Creation Speed. Coastal Land Regions within your cities provide +10 City Prosperity .
	Innovative  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Science Improvements in your Capital. Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement Creative  Imrpovements gain +5 Production during Golden Ages
Pachacuti Inca Empire	Unique Ability: Andean Masonry	+50% Harvest Production at Stone Pits and their upgrades. +10% Paragon Spawn Chance +20% Engineer Pick Chance +50% City Siege Defense fore each Military improvement.
	Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Agrarian  +50% Harvest Production at Farms and their upgrades Perfectionist  +200% Craft Production to Industry Improvements during Golden Ages. Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Ashoka India	Unique Ability: Conquest by Dharma	Religion Improvements provide +10 City Health . Apothecaries, Clinics, and their upgrades provide +5 Religion spread strength.
	Impulsive  -10 Happiness in all cities for 10 turns after declaring a War. +20 Prestige for each turn a Force is in combat for 10 turns after declaring a War. Adventurous  +1 Force Speed while not at War. Efficient  Improvements gain +1 Production for each Idustry Improvements in their region Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Cesare Beccaria Italy	Unique Ability: Tyrants Never Read	-33% Research cost of Government technologies. +100% Craft Production towards crafting Books. Weavers, Artisan Studios, and their upgrades provide +5 City Happiness and +5 City Health after Books are unlocked.
	Collaborative  +2 Production in your capital for each active Alliance. Stately  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Government Improvements built in them. Pacifist  -10 Relationships with other Nations for 10 turns after declaring a war. +25 Reationships with other Nations while not at war. Sage  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Science Improvements built in them. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Tokugawa Ieyasu Japan	Unique Ability: Study Patience	Nations that declare war on you receive 1 War Weariness each turn. Your War Weariness is reduced by -50%. Castles provide +30 City Security .
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Patient  +30% Force Strength when War Weariness is over 50. Sage  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Science Improvements built in them.
Sejong the Great Korea	Unique Ability: Hangul	+25 City Knowledge and City Happiness in all cities for 10 turns after you finish a Masterpiece. (Cities do not get more than one bonus from Masterpieces.) Weavers and their upgrades provide +10 City Knowledge after Paper is unlocked.
	Innovative  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Science Improvements in your Capital. Efficient  Improvements gain +1 Production for each Idustry Improvements in their region Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Amanirenas Kush	Unique Ability: Land of the Bow	Ranged Units provide +50% Force Strength in Rough Terrain. +10% Force Strengt for Spearmen and Archers.
	Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Sage  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Science Improvements built in them. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages Traditional  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Culture Improvements in your Capital.
Benito Juárez Mexico	Unique Ability: Son of the People	Tribes will never be initially hostile towards you. Government Improvements give +1 Housing to their city
	Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Stately  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Government Improvements built in them. Efficient  Improvements gain +1 Production for each Idustry Improvements in their region Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Zenobia Palmyrene Empire	Unique Ability: Silk Road	+3 Available Merchants. Trading Posts and their upgrades provide +5 City Knowledge and +4 additional Wealth per turn.
	Resolute  Cities gain +10% Religion Spread for each Force stationed in them. Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Xerxes I 1st Persian Empire	Unique Ability: King of Kings	+1 Force Cap for each city you control. +50% Force Strength for War Chariots and Mounted Scouts.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Cunning  +10% Paragon Spawn chance for each turn a Force is in combat. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type Rash  -2 Turn duration of Golden Ages. +4 Production during Golden Ages. Traditional  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Culture Improvements in your Capital.
Nicolaus Copernicus Poland	Unique Ability: Revolutionary Thought	Observatories and Research Labs provide +10 City Knowledge and +2 Research per turn. +25% bonus Research for 10 turns after you earn a Paragon (this effect does not stack.)
	Innovative  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Science Improvements in your Capital. Efficient  Improvements gain +1 Production for each Idustry Improvements in their region Productive  +50% Build Production during Golden Ages. Lavish  +3 Merchants. +2 Established Relationships with other Nations for each city you control. Creative  Imrpovements gain +5 Production during Golden Ages
Julius Caesar Roman Empire	Unique Ability: Triumphant Legions	Forces gain +50% bonus Force Strength when they level up. +15 City Happiness and +20 City Prosperity in your capital for 15 turns after winning a war. (Multiple war victories do not stack.)
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Stately  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Government Improvements built in them. Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement Resolute  Cities gain +10% Religion Spread for each Force stationed in them.
Catherine the Great Russia	Unique Ability: Siberian Expanse	+1 City cap. +1 Force Speed for Settlers. Your Gathering Halls and their upgrades provide an additional +1 Food and +1 Timber per turn.
	Innovative  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Science Improvements in your Capital. Efficient  Improvements gain +1 Production for each Idustry Improvements in their region Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement Lavish  +3 Merchants. +2 Established Relationships with other Nations for each city you control. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Askia Muhammad I Songhai Empire	Unique Ability: Gold-Salt Trade	+5 City Prosperity and City Knowledge for each Trade Agreement +100% Harvest Production at Stone Pits and their upgrades.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Productive  +50% Build Production during Golden Ages. Lavish  +3 Merchants. +2 Established Relationships with other Nations for each city you control. Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Isabella I Spain	Unique Ability: New World	+1 Force Sight and +2 Force Speed for embarked forces. Mints provide +5 City Security and +5 City Happiness . +10 Religion spread strength in all cities after unlocking Codices.
	Unyielding  Forces inflict 5 War Weariness when defeating an enemy Force. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Mercantile  +1 Merchants for each city you control. +2 Trade Production for each Commerce Improvements. Seafaring  +20 Prestige after a sea Force defeats an enemy Force. Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Ram Khamhaeng Thailand	Unique Ability: White Elephants	Your Palace provides +1 Elephants per turn after you unlock any Elephant Unit. +25 Force Strength for forces containing Elephant Units. +25% Harvest Production at Camps.
	Ambitious  -1 Land Force Cap, +1 City Cap Productive  +50% Build Production during Golden Ages. Traditional  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Culture Improvements in your Capital. Creative  Imrpovements gain +5 Production during Golden Ages Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
George Washington United States	Unique Ability: Minutemen	+25% Force Strength during Fortify Orders +1 Speed for Gunpowder Infantry and Modern Infantry units
	Ambitious  -1 Land Force Cap, +1 City Cap Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Woodsman  +50% Harvest Production at Logging Camps and their upgrades.
Simón Bolívar Venezuela	Unique Ability: March on Bogotá	+2 Force Speed for forces led by a Paragon. +25% Force Strength in regions adjacent to rivers.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Independent  +3 Housing in non-Capital cities. Adventurous  +1 Force Speed while not at War. Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement Lavish  +3 Merchants. +2 Established Relationships with other Nations for each city you control.
Shaka Zulu	Unique Ability: Buffalo Horns	+25% Force Strength for forces in Square, Tercio, and Trapezoid formations. +50% force Pillage Damage.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Productive  +50% Build Production during Golden Ages. Perfectionist  +200% Craft Production to Industry Improvements during Golden Ages.

Leaders included with the Deluxe Edition

Leaders included with the Deluxe Edition
Charlemagne Holy Roman Empire	Unique Ability: Carolingian Renaissance	+25 City Knowledge and +100% Masterpiece creation speed in your capital during Golden Ages. Your Palace provides +5 wealth and +1 Research per turn during Golden Ages.
	Disciplined  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Military Improvements built in them Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Efficient  Improvements gain +1 Production for each Idustry Improvements in their region Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Genghis Khan Mongol Empire	Unique Ability: Lord of the Steppes	Cavalry Units (excluding Elephant units) provide +25% Force Strength Infantry, Ranged, and Anti-Cavalry units provide +1 Force Speed.
	Aggressive  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after declaring war. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type. Cunning  +10% Paragon Spawn chance for each turn a Force is in combat. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type Unyielding  Forces inflict 5 War Weariness when defeating an enemy Force. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Adventurous  +1 Force Speed while not at War. Resolute  Cities gain +10% Religion Spread for each Force stationed in them.
Yu Gwan-sun Korea	Unique Ability: Unbreakable	While you are in a Defensive War you have +20 Established Relationship with Nations you are at peace with. +15 Religion spread strength in each city that contains a School or one of its upgrades. +10% Force Strength in regions containing a School or one of its upgrades. (This effect does not stack.)
	Collaborative  +2 Production in your capital for each active Alliance. Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points for each Research Agreement and Trade Agreement Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Hildegard von Bingen Germany	Unique Ability: Sibyl of the Rhine	Monasteries provide +5 Research per turn. +5 City Health and +5 City Happiness in each of your cities where your religion is dominant.
	Pacifist  -10 Relationships with other Nations for 10 turns after declaring a war. +25 Reationships with other Nations while not at war. Innovative  +1% Paragon Spawn chance for each Science Improvements in your Capital. Mercantile  +1 Merchants for each city you control. +2 Trade Production for each Commerce Improvements. Creative  Imrpovements gain +5 Production during Golden Ages Spiritual  Cities gain +5 Culture for each Religion Improvements built in them.
Boudicca Celts	Unique Ability: Lady of Vengeance	+33% Force Strength while in a retaliation war. Forces inflict 5 War Weariness when they defeat and enemy force.
	Collaborative  +2 Production in your capital for each active Alliance. Formidable  +50% Force Strength for 5 turns after a war is declared on you Unyielding  Forces inflict 5 War Weariness when defeating an enemy Force. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages

See also

List of Leader Traits
List of Improvements
List of Goods
List of Resource Nodes