List of Leaders and Nations

As of the time of writing (8th of October 2024) there are 42 leaders in the game and 39 nations.
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List of Leaders

Leaders in the base game
Harun al-Rashid Abbasid Caliphate	Unique Ability: House of Wisdom	Academies provide +2 Research per turn. Research Agreements provide +10% research.
	Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn Traditional  +20% bonus Prestige from constructing Triumphs Charitable  +15 Prosperity in your capital
Eva Perón Argentina	Unique Ability: Share my Glory	Your Palace provides +25 City Prosperity and +25 Health. Your Monument provides +25 City Happiness and +25 Prosperity. +20% Build Production towards Amphitheaters, Theaters, and Opera Houses that all provide +15 City Happiness.
	Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Stately  +10 Happiness and +10 Prosperity in all cities while not at war. Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Sennacherib Assyrian Empire	Unique Ability: Wolf on the Fold	+33% Force Siege Damage. +25% Craft Production at Workshops. +25 Security in your capital.
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Unyielding  +5 bonus Force EXP from defeating enemy forces. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Rash  -20 Knowledge in your capital Productive  +25% Build Production in your capital.
Howard Florey Australia	Unique Ability: Medical Genius	Universities and Fusion Research Centers provide +2 Research per turn. +25% Craft Production towards crafting Bandages, Soap, and Antibiotics. +5, +10, and +15 city Health from consuming Bandages, Soap, and Antibiotics respectively.
	Collaborative  +3 Housing in your capital Stately  +10 Happiness and +10 Prosperity in all cities while not at war. Innovative  +10% Research per turn in your capital Sage  +10 Knowledge in all cities Pacifist  -10% Strength to Forces outside your territory
Itzcoatl Aztec Empire	Unique Ability: Flower Wars	+25 Security and +25 Happiness in your capital for 10 turns after engaging in combat (this effect does not stack.) +100% Force Heal Rate.
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Perfectionist  -10% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all cities. Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Leopold I Belgium	Unique Ability: Nestor of Europe	+10 Established Relationship with other nations. +20 additional Established Relationship with other nations if you have fewer cities than them. +100% Harvest Production at Farms harvesting Cocoa. Breweries and Distilleries provide +10 city Prosperity
	Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Adventurous  +1 Speed to Scouts Efficient  +20% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all Cities Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn
Irene Sarantapechaina Byzantine Empire	Unique Ability: Iconophile	Altars, Monasteries, and [Shrines]] provide +20 City Security and +4 Wealth per turn. +100% effectiveness of Oracles and Missionaries.
	Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Patient  +50% War declaration cost Unyielding  +5 bonus Force EXP from defeating enemy forces. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Wilma Mankiller Cherokee	Unique Ability: The Word for Water	+150 Build Production towards Water Wells and Water Treatment Plants. Water Wells and Water Treatment Plants provide +20 City Health. +25% Craft Production towards crafting Feasts.
	Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Sage  +10 Knowledge in all cities Traditional  +20% bonus Prestige from constructing Triumphs Charitable  +15 Prosperity in your capital
Wu Zetian China	Unique Ability: Imperial Examinations	Libraries, Schools, and their upgrades provide +15 City Security. +10% Paragon spawn chance.
	Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Cunning  -50% War declaration cost. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type Unyielding  +5 bonus Force EXP from defeating enemy forces. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn
Osh-Tisch Crow Nation	Unique Ability: Badé Warrior	+1 Force Speed and +1 Sight for Settlers, Mounted Scouts, Harquebusiers, and Dragoons. +33% Craft Production at Artisan Studios, Weavers, and their upgrades.
	Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Efficient  +20% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all Cities Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn Traditional  +20% bonus Prestige from constructing Triumphs
Nefertiti Egypt	Unique Ability: Rays of the Aten	Farms and their upgrades provide an additional +1 Food per turn if placed in regions adjacent to a river. -25% Research cost of Religion technologies. Museums provide +10 City Happiness.
	Agrarian  +1 bonus Food from all Farms and their upgrades Lavish  +2 available Merchants Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Elizabeth I File:Englend.png Englend	Unique Ability: Gloriana	+1 Force Speed and +1 Sight for Sea Forces. +25% Force Strength for Sea Forces. Longbowmen and Line Infantry cannot be Countered.
	Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Stately  +10 Happiness and +10 Prosperity in all cities while not at war. Mercantile  +1 available Merchant Seafaring  +5 Wealth from Fishing Nets and Industrial Fishing Farms
Haile Selassie Ethiopia	Unique Ability: Lion of Judah	+5% Force Strength for each Alliance you're in. +25% Religion spread strength in your capital. +300% Harvest Production towards harvesting Coffee.
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Sage  +10 Knowledge in all cities Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Jeanne d’Arc France	Unique Ability: Maid of Orléans	+25% Force Strength in cities where your Religion is dominant. +1 Force Speed within your territory. Your forces reduce your War Weariness by 5 when they defeat an enemy force.
	Impulsive  -10 Established Relationship with other nations. Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Tamar the Great Georgia	Unique Ability: Whom the Sun Serves	+25% Build Production towards Military, Religion, and [Commerce]] Improvements. +15 City Prosperity and +10 City Security in all cities during Golden Ages.
	Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Sage  +10 Knowledge in all cities Creative  +15 Prosperity in all cities
Otto von Bismarck Germany	Unique Ability: Blood and Iron	+10% Craft Production at Forges, Factories, Vehicle Factories, and their upgrades. +25% Force Strength for 10 turns after declaring war.
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages Practical  -10% Research per turn in your capital
Yaa Asantewaa Ghana	Unique Ability: Golden Protector	Stone Pits and their upgrades provide +1 Wealth per turn. +15% Force Strength within your territory.
	Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Agrarian  +1 bonus Food from all Farms and their upgrades Traditional  +20% bonus Prestige from constructing Triumphs
Alexander the Great Greece	Unique Ability: Hammer and Anvil	Pikemen and Lancers cannot be countered. Forces receive +5 bonus EXP each turn they are engaged in combat and when they defeat and enemy force. While technically a DLC this leader is free for all owners of the base game.
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Adventurous  +1 Speed to Scouts Resplendent  -15 Prosperity in your capital
Sappho Greece	Unique Ability: Tenth Muse	Amphitheaters and Theaters provide +15 City Happiness and have +100 Masterpiece Creation Speed. Coastal Regions within your cities provide +10 City Prosperity.
	Innovative  +10% Research per turn in your capital Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn Creative  +15 Prosperity in all cities
Pachacuti Inca Empire	Unique Ability: Andean Masonry	Stone Pits and their upgrades provide an additional +1 Materials per turn. +100% Build Production towards City Walls, Fortresses, and Citadels. +100% City Siege Defense
	Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Agrarian  +1 bonus Food from all Farms and their upgrades Perfectionist  -10% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all cities. Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Ashoka India	Unique Ability: Conquest by Dharma	Religion Improvements provide +10 City Health. Apothecaries, Clinics, and their upgrades provide +5 Religion spread strength.
	Impulsive  -10 Established Relationship with other nations. Adventurous  +1 Speed to Scouts Efficient  +20% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all Cities Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Cesare Beccaria Italy	Unique Ability: Tyrants Never Read	-33% Research cost of Government technologies. +100% Craft Production towards crafting Books. Weavers, Artisan Studios, and their upgrades provide +5 City Happiness and +5 City Health after Books are unlocked.
	Collaborative  +3 Housing in your capital Stately  +10 Happiness and +10 Prosperity in all cities while not at war. Pacifist  -10% Strength to Forces outside your territory Sage  +10 Knowledge in all cities Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Tokugawa Ieyasu Japan	Unique Ability: Study Patience	Nations that declare war on you receive 1 War Weariness each turn. Your War Weariness is reduced by -50%. Castles provide +30 City Security.
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Patient  +50% War declaration cost Sage  +10 Knowledge in all cities
Sejong the Great Korea	Unique Ability: Hangul	+25 City Knowledge and City Happiness in all cities for 10 turns after you finish a Masterpiece (this effect does not stack.) Weavers and their upgrades provide +10 City Knowledge after Paper is unlocked.
	Innovative  +10% Research per turn in your capital Efficient  +20% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all Cities Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Amanirenas Kush	Unique Ability: Land of the Bow	Ranged Units provide +50% Force Strength in Rough Terrain. +10% Force Strength for Spearmen and Archers.
	Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Sage  +10 Knowledge in all cities Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages Traditional  +20% bonus Prestige from constructing Triumphs
Benito Juárez Mexico	Unique Ability: Son of the People	Tribes will never be initially hostile towards you. Cities are founded with an additional Expert.
	Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Stately  +10 Happiness and +10 Prosperity in all cities while not at war. Efficient  +20% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all Cities Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Zenobia Palmyrene Empire	Unique Ability: Silk Road	+3 Available Merchants. Trading Posts and their upgrades provide +5 City Knowledge and +4 additional Wealth per turn.
	Resplendent  -15 Prosperity in your capital Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Xerxes I First Persian Empire	Unique Ability: King of Kings	+1 Force Cap for each city you control. +50% Force Strength for War Chariots and Mounted Scouts
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Cunning  -50% War declaration cost. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type Rash  -20 Knowledge in your capital Traditional  +20% bonus Prestige from constructing Triumphs
Nicolaus Copernicus Poland	Unique Ability: Revolutionary Thought	Observatories and Research Labs provide +10 City Knowledge and +2 Research per turn. +25% bonus Research for 10 turns after you earn a Paragon (this effect does not stack.)
	Innovative  +10% Research per turn in your capital Efficient  +20% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all Cities Productive  +25% Build Production in your capital. Lavish  +2 available Merchants Creative  +15 Prosperity in all cities
Julius Caesar Roman Empire	Unique Ability: Triumphant Legions	Forces gain +50% bonus Force Strength when they level up. +15 City Happiness and +20 City Prosperity in your capital for 15 turns after winning a war (this effect does not stack.)
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Stately  +10 Happiness and +10 Prosperity in all cities while not at war. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn Resplendent  -15 Prosperity in your capital
Catherine the Great Russia	Unique Ability: Siberian Expanse	+1 City cap. +2 Force Speed for Settlers. Your Gathering Halls and their upgrades provide an additional +1 Food and +1 Timber per turn.
	Innovative  +10% Research per turn in your capital Efficient  +20% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all Cities Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn Lavish  +2 available Merchants Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Askia Muhammad I Songhai Empire	Unique Ability: Gold-Salt Trade	Trading Posts and their upgrades provide +6 Wealth per turn if they are next to a river. +25% Harvest Production at Stone Pits and their upgrades.
	Sage  +10 Knowledge in all cities Productive  +25% Build Production in your capital. Mercantile  +1 available Merchant Resplendent  -15 Prosperity in your capital Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Isabella I Spain	Unique Ability: New World	+1 Force Sight and +2 Force Speed for embarked forces. Mints provide +5 City Security and +5 City Happiness. +10 Religion spread strength in all cities after unlocking Codices.
	Unyielding  +5 bonus Force EXP from defeating enemy forces. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Mercantile  +1 available Merchant Seafaring  +5 Wealth from Fishing Nets and Industrial Fishing Farms Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Ram Khamhaeng Thailand	Unique Ability: White Elephants	Your Palace provides +1 Elephants per turn after you unlock any Elephant Unit. +25 Force Strength for forces containing Elephant Units. +25% Harvest Production at Camps.
	Ambitious  -50% turn duration of Golden Ages Productive  +25% Build Production in your capital. Traditional  +20% bonus Prestige from constructing Triumphs Creative  +15 Prosperity in all cities Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
George Washington United States	Unique Ability: Minutemen	+10 starting EXP for all Forces. +1 Force Speed for forces in Square, Tercio, and Trapezoid formations.
	Ambitious  -50% turn duration of Golden Ages Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Woodsman  +1 Timber from Logging Camps and their upgrades
Simón Bolívar Venezuela	Unique Ability: March on Bogotá	+2 Force Speed for forces led by a Paragon. +25% Force Strength in regions adjacent to rivers.
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Independent  +1 Housing in non-Capital cities. Adventurous  +1 Speed to Scouts Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn Lavish  +2 available Merchants
Shaka Zulu	Unique Ability: Buffalo Horns	+25% Force Strength for forces in Square, Tercio, and Trapezoid formations. +50% force Pillage Damage
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Productive  +25% Build Production in your capital. Perfectionist  -10% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all cities.

Leaders included with the Deluxe Edition

Leaders included with the Deluxe Edition
Charlemagne Holy Roman Empire	Unique Ability: Carolingian Renaissance	+25 City Knowledge and +100% Masterpiece creation speed in your capital during Golden Ages. Your Palace provides +5 wealth and +1 Research per turn during Golden Ages.
	Disciplined  +50% Build Production towards government and military Improvements. Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Efficient  +20% Craft Production to all crafting Improvements in all Cities Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages
Genghis Khan Mongol Empire	Unique Ability: Lord of the Steppes	+10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type.
	Aggressive  +10% Strength to forces outside your territory. Unlocks war of annihilation war type. Cunning  -50% War declaration cost. Unlocks War of Annihilation war type Unyielding  +5 bonus Force EXP from defeating enemy forces. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Adventurous  +1 Speed to Scouts Resplendent  -15 Prosperity in your capital
Yu Gwan-sun Korea	Unique Ability: Unbreakable	While you are in a Defensive War you have +20 Established Relationship with Nations you are at peace with. +15 Religion spread strength in each city that contains a School or one of its upgrades. +10% Force Strength in regions containing a School or one of its upgrades. (This effect does not stack.)
	Collaborative  +3 Housing in your capital Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Charismatic  +1 Golden Age Points per turn Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Hildegard von Bingen Germany	Unique Ability: Sibyl of the Rhine	Monasteries provide +5 Research per turn. +5 City Health and +5 City Happiness in each of your cities where your religion is dominant.
	Pacifist  -10% Strength to Forces outside your territory Innovative  +10% Research per turn in your capital Mercantile  +1 available Merchant Creative  +15 Prosperity in all cities Spiritual  +15% Religion Spread Strength in all cities
Boudicca Celts	Unique Ability: Lady of Vengeance	+33% Force Strength while in a retaliation war. Forces inflict 5 War Weariness when they defeat and enemy force.
	Collaborative  +3 Housing in your capital Formidable  +20% Strength to Forces within your capital Unyielding  +5 bonus Force EXP from defeating enemy forces. Unlocks War of Annihilation War type. Persuasive  +5 Turn duration of Golden Ages

See also

List of Leader Traits